In Austria and Germany, iodine deficiency is a widespread health risk that is often underestimated. Iodine is a vital trace element that is essential for the function of the thyroid gland in particular. However, many people unknowingly consume too little, which can lead to a variety of health problems. We explain iodine deficiency and give tips on how to prevent it effectively.
What is iodine and why is it so important?
Iodine is an essential trace element that the body cannot produce itself, but urgently needs. It is particularly important for the thyroid gland, which uses iodine to produce vital hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are involved in almost all metabolic processes and play a central role in regulating energy balance, growth and brain development, especially in fetuses and small children.
A lack of iodine can therefore have far-reaching consequences: from tiredness and concentration problems to weight gain and hair loss to serious thyroid disorders such as goitre formation or even hypothyroidism. Especially during pregnancy and breastfeeding, iodine deficiency can increase the risk of developmental disorders in the child.
Causes of iodine deficiency
Soils in Austria and Germany contain little iodine, which is why regional foods often contain too little iodine. Regular consumption of fish and seafood, which are natural sources of iodine, is not always part of the daily diet. In addition, many households turn to iodine-free salt such as sea salt or Himalayan salt, which further reduces the iodine supply.
Symptoms of iodine deficiency
A lack of iodine can cause many non-specific symptoms that are often not immediately associated with iodine deficiency, such as:
- Persistent tiredness
- Difficulty concentrating
- Weight gain despite unchanged diet
- Dry skin and brittle hair
- Sensitivity to cold
In severe cases, iodine deficiency can manifest itself in the form of a goitre (enlargement of the thyroid gland) or hypothyroidism. In children, growth and developmental disorders can occur, which underlines the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
How can iodine deficiency be prevented?
- Use iodized table salt: Use iodized salt in cooking to meet your iodine needs.
- Eat fish and seafood regularly: Fish such as pollock and cod are good sources of iodine.
- Integrate dairy products into your diet: Milk, yogurt and cheese also contain valuable iodine.
- Increased caution during pregnancy: Women with an increased requirement, e.g. during pregnancy, should consider taking dietary supplements. However, they should only be taken in consultation with a doctor to avoid an overdose.
Iodine deficiency - an underestimated risk to your health
The health consequences of iodine deficiency are far-reaching. The deficiency can often be prevented by simple dietary changes and the use of iodized salt. If you are unsure whether you are consuming enough iodine, have your iodine status checked and contact us. We will be happy to advise you!
The pharmacists at Saint Charles Pharmacies will be happy to answer any questions you may have about iodine deficiency. Visit us in Vienna, Berlin or Dornbirn for a personal consultation.
